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Durban

Principal port of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and of the republic; population (2001) 3,090,100. Oil-refining, machinery, soap, paint, and fertilizers are important industries in the city. Exports include coal, chemicals, steel, granite, wood products, sugar, fruit, grain, rice, and wool; imports include heavy machinery and mining equipment. With the availability of year-round sea bathing, Durban is also one of the leading holiday resorts of South Africa and is served by an international airport.

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REFERENCES

  • Brookes, E. H.Webb, C. de B.A History of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. South Africa: University of Natal Press, 1965.
  • Bryant, A. T.Olden Times in Zululand and Natal, Containing Earlier Political History of the Eastern-Nguni Clans. London: Longman, 1929.
  • Cooper, F. (ed.). Struggle for the City; Migrant Labour, Capital and the State in Urban Africa. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1983.
  • Duminy, A.; B. Guest (eds.). Natal and Zululand from Earliest Times to 1910. Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: University of Natal Press, 1989.
  • Edwards, I. “Swing the Assegai Peacefully? ‘New Africa.’ Mkhumbane, the Co-operative Movement and Attempts to Transform. Durban Society in the Late 1940s” in Holding Their Ground: Class, Locality and Conflict in Nineteenth Century South Africa, edited by Bonner, P.Delius, P.Posel, D.. Johannesburg: Zed Press, 1989.
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From Credo

  • Hattersley, A.The British Settlement of Natal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1950.
  • Hemson, D. “Class Consciousness and Migrant Workers: Dockworkers of Durban. Ph.D. diss.University of Warwick, 1979.
  • Hindson, D.Pass Controls and the Urban African Proletariat. Johannesburg: Raven Press, 1987.
  • La Hausse, P. “The Message of the Warriors: The ICU, the Labouring Poor and the Making of a Popular Political Culture in Durban, 1925-1930” in Holding Their Ground. Class, Locality and Conflict in Nineteenth Century South Africa, edited by Bonner, P.Delius, P.Posel, D.. Johannesburg: Zed Press, 1989.
  • Marks, S.The Ambiguities of Dependence in South Africa. Johannesburg: Raven Press, 1986.
  • Marks, S.; R. Rathbone (eds.). Industrialisation and Social Change in South Africa: African Class Formation. Culture and Consciousness, 1870-1930. London: Longman, 1982.
  • Maylam, P. “Aspects of African Urbanization in the Durban Area before 1940” In Haines, R.Buijs, G. (eds.). The Struggle for Social and Economic Space: Urbanization in Twentieth Century South Africa.Durban: University of Natal Press, 1985.
  • Maylam, P.; I. Edwards (eds.). The People's City: African Life in Twentieth Century Durban. Portsmouth, N.H.: Heinemann, 1996.
  • Posel, R. “The Durban Ricksha Pullers' Strikes of 1918 and 1930” in Journal of Natal and Zulu History, no. 8 (1985).
  • Swanson, M. “The Rise of Multiracial Durban: Urban History and Race Policy in South Africa, 1830-1930.” Ph.D. diss.Harvard University, 1965.
  • Swanson, M. “‘The Durban System’: Roots of Urban Apartheid in Colonial Natal” in African Studies, no. 35 (1976).
  • Welsh, D.The Roots Of Segregation: Native Policy In Colonial Natal, 1845-1910. Cape Town: Oxford University Press, 1971.